Практикум для студентов по специальности 09. 02. 03 Программирование в компьютерных системах углубленная подготовка

1. 
   Father: “Don’t forget to write a letter.”
   
2. 
   Nick: “You may ride my bike.”
   
3. 
   Mary: “The weather is beautiful today.”
   
4. 
   Mr. Ford: “You will have much work tomorrow.”
   
5. 
   Jane: “I lost my keys and I don’t know what to do.”
   
6. 
   Mrs. Hillary: “I’d like to tell you one interesting thing.”
   
7. 
   Postman: “There are no letters for you today.”
   
8. 
   Teacher: ’’Who is on duty today?”
   
9. 
   Salesgirl: “I would recommend you these fresh cakes.”
   

11. 
    Teacher: “Stop talking.”
    
12. 
    Policeman: “Don’t move. “
    
13. 
    Friend: “Help me, please.”
    

Washington, DC is the capital of the United States of America. It is situated in the mouth of the Potomac River, in the District of Columbia (DC), not belonging to any state. The city is unique in its own way - it was specially designed as the capital of the USA. The architect who drew up the plan of the city, Pierre L’Enfant, wanted it to be very convenient. The place for the capital was chosen by the first president George Washington, and in 1800 the Government moved there.

There are a lot of Governmental offices, but probably the best known, as well as the most important for the country’s life are the White House and the Capitol. The White House is the official residence of the President of the United States. It was built in 1799. It is a three-storeyed house where the President and his family live. At the same time it is the place where official receptions are held and the administration gathers for the meetings. The Capitol is the seat of the Congress. The corner stone of the Congress was laid by George Washington in 1790. The Congress has two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. The city of Washington, D.C. is rather large and very beautiful, being at the same time different from all the other cities in the USA, because there are no skyscrapers. According to the law, no house in Washington, D.C. must be higher than the Capitol.

Washington, D.C. has the population of about 900,000 people. Being the administrative centre of the country, it doesn’t have any industry. They say, nothing is produced in Washington, D.C. except wastepaper. Thousands of documents are drafted, approved or denied in the city every day. People living there either belong to the administration, m are employed in the service industry. Besides, thousands of tourists come to see the capital of the country. There is a lot to be seen: Thomas Jefferson Memorial, the Library of Congress, the Washington Monument and much more. Among the attractions of the capital it is necessary to mention the museums: the National Gallery of Art, the National Museum of History and Technology, and others.

Questions:

1. 
   Where is Washington, D.C. situated?
   
2. 
   Why is the city unique?
   
3. 
   When did the government move to Washington, D.C.?
   
4. 
   Where is the official residence of the President of the USA situated?
   
5. 
   What is the Capitol?
   
6. 
   How many chambers are there in the Congress?
   
7. 
   Why aren’t there any skyscrapers in Washington, D.C.?
   
8. 
   What is the population of the city?
   
9. 
   Is there any industry in Washington, D.C.?
   

Washington, the capital of the United States, has many places of interests.

The centre of the city is the Capitol Building — the home of the American system of government. Four geographical sections radiate out from the Capitol, dividing the District of Columbia into North-East, North-West, South-East and South-West. Broad Pennsylvania Avenue, about a mile and a half in length, connects the Capitol with the White House — the official residence of all American presidents. Starting from the Capitol, the streets running north and south bear the numbers 1, 2, 3, etc., while the east and west streets are named A, B, C, etc. All the diagonal avenues are named after States of the Union, and the longest and straightest of them all is Massachusetts Avenue, which virtually cuts the city in half.

Washington is a large scientific and cultural centre, where many research institutes, the National Academy of Science and the Congressional Library are concentrated. The National Museum, the old and new National Galleries of art are also well known.

Washington has many historical places. The largest and tallest among the buildings are the Capitol and the Washington Monument.

In 1775, when the American War of Independence began, George Washington was chosen to lead the American Army. Washington knew his job would be difficult. The army was small. The soldiers were untrained and had few guns. The British army was large and strong. Its soldiers were very well trained. Early battles showed Washington’s problems. His army was easily defeated in the Battle of New York. Then Washington thought of a plan. On Christmas night in 1776, he had his soldiers attack the enemy in the city of Trenton, New Jersey. The enemy soldiers never expected an attack in such a night. They were having a Christmas party. Washington won his first victory. Washington’s army won the final battle in Yorktown in 1781. George Washington was a great leader and was respected by all his men. He was not interested in fame or money, but only in helping his country. There are many stories about George Washington. Many are probably true. The most famous story, through, is about the cherry tree. It is said that young George cut down his father’s cherry tree. When his father asked who cut down the tree, George confessed and said, “I cannot tell a lie.” In 1789 leaders from all the states met to choose the first president of the United States. The vote was unanimous. Everyone voted for George Washington. He became the country’s first president, and is remembered as the “Father of our Country”.

1) What was George Washington’s job during the War of Independence?

2) Why did people respect George Washington?

3) What happened to George Washington in 1789?

1) George Washington was made a president in 1775.

2) The British army was bigger than the American army.

3) The Americans won all their battles.

4) George Washington was not interested in fame and money.

5) George Washington was the first president of the United States.

1. Что такое словообразование? Аффиксация? Косвенная речь?

Устное собеседование. Проверка переводов текстов.

В результате изучения темы

- времена группы Perfect;

- активную лексику по теме.

уметь:

- употреблять в устной и письменной речи времена группы Perfect;

- читать и переводить текст со словарём;

- разыгрывать диалог по теме по ролям;

Present Perfect: for, since, already, just, always, recently, ever, yet, lately, never.

Past Perfect: before, after, already, just, till\until, when, by, by the time.

Future Perfect: before, by that time.