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URL: Author Address: Univ Lancaster, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Environm & Nat Sci, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. Inst Freshwater Ecol, Edinburgh Lab, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. Jones, RI, Univ Lancaster, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Environm & Nat Sci, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 150 Author: Cronberg, G. Year: 1999 Title: Qualitative and quantitative investigations of phytoplankton in Lake Ringsjoen, Scania, Sweden Journal: Hydrobiologia Volume: 404 Pages: 27-40 Alternate Journal: Hydrobiologia Accession Number: 4693380 Keywords: Sweden, Ringsjon L.; Lakes; Phytoplankton; Algae; Data Collections; Water Quality; Trophic Level; Nutrients; Algal Growth; Cyanophyta; Algal blooms; Sewage disposal; Nutrients (mineral); Pollution effects; Community composition; Restoration; Pollution control; Agricultural pollution; Biological poisons; Environmental restoration; Sweden, Ringsjoen L.; Fisheries; Diatoms; Eutrophic environments; Sweden; Cyanophyta; Anabaena lemmermannii; Gloeotrichia echinulata; Aphanizomenon; Microcystis; Melosira; Bacillariophyceae; Sweden, Malmoehus, Ringsjoen L. SW 0850 Lakes; Q1 01461 Plankton; Q5 01504 Effects on organisms; K 03009 Algae; D 04627 Algae/lichens
0018-8158 English Journal Article Author Address: Department of Limnology, Institute of Ecology, Ecology Building, University of Lund, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 151 Author: Annadotter, Helene; Cronberg, Gertrud; Aagren, Richard; Lundstedt, Bejron; Nilsson, Per-Ake; Strobeck, Sven Year: 1999 Title: Multiple techniques for lake restoration Journal: Hydrobiologia Volume: 395/396 Pages: 77-85 Accession Number: AN 1999:695265 Keywords: Lake waters (eutrophic; multiple techniques for remediation of eutrophic Lake Finjasjon (Sweden); Remediation (multiple techniques for remediation of eutrophic Lake Finjasjon (Sweden); Nutrients; Phosphors (multiple techniques for remediation of eutrophic Lake Finjasjon (Sweden) in relation to content of) remediation eutrophic lake water Finjasjon Sweden Abstract: Lake Finjasjon is a shallow, eutrophic lake (area 1100 ha, mean depth 3 m, max. depth 13 m) in southern Sweden. In the 1920s, the lake was clear, with a summer Secci depth of ~2 m. During the first half of the 20th century, untreated sewage from the town polluted the lake. In the 1930s, the lake began to show eutrophic characteristics, and in the 1940s, the cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia echinulata dominated in summer. In 1949, the first municipal sewage treatment plant was built. The treatment was, however, insufficient, since the lake continued to be the recipient of the effluent with the result that the occurrence of cyanobacteria became more frequent. Species such as Microcystis and Anabaena caused skin rash and allergic symptoms among swimmers. The P load on Lake Finjasjon increased as the population of Hassleholm grew and reached a peak value of 65 tons annum-1 in 1965. In 1977, the sewage plant was rebuilt to include chem. flocculation, reducing the total external P load to ~5 tons annum-1. Despite this improvement the lake did not recover from its chronic and toxic cyanobacterial blooms. P-leaking black sediments were identified as the cause of the lake's failure to recover. Some 60% of lake-bed area is covered with sediments on av. 3 m thick. Dredging the sediments was started on a large scale in 1987. Five years later, 25% of the sediment area had been removed but the dredging was stopped since P continued to be released into the water from these areas. In 1992, a new restoration policy, a combination of further reduced external nutrient loading and food-web manipulation was initiated. A constructed wetland (30 ha) to reduce P and N was created in connection to the effluent from the sewage treatment plant. Protection zones along the feeder streams into Lake Finjasjon were also established. A cyprinid redn. program by trawling was carried out between 1992 and 1994. When it started, the fish community was composed of 90-95% bream and roach. After 2 yr of trawling, the ratio between piscivorous and planktivorous fish was 1:1. In 1994 and 1995, the transparency increased due to a considerably reduced biomass of phytoplankton and a radically altered phytoplankton community. The monoculture of Microcystis was replaced by a diverse phytoplankton community. The increased transparency made possible the development of submerged macrophytes such as Elodea, Myriophyllum and Potamogeton. The internal loading of P decreased dramatically in 1994 and 1995, possibly as a result of reduced sedimentation of phytoplankton. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 131:314012 61-5
Water Institute of Ecology, Department of Limnology,Lund University,Lund,Swed. Journal 0018-8158 written in English. 479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (multiple techniques for remediation of eutrophic Lake Finjasjon (Sweden) in relation to content of); 7439-89-6 (Iron) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (multiple techniques for remediation of eutrophic Lake Finjasjon (Sweden) in relation to content of) Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 108 Author: Allen, Judy R. M.; Huntley, Brian Year: 1999 Title: Estimating Past Floristic Diversity in Montane Regions from Macrofossil Assemblages Journal: Journal of Biogeography Volume: 26 Issue: 1 Pages: 55-73 Date: Jan. Keywords: Diversity, Macrofossils, Montane, Norway, Scotland, Holocene Abstract: The relationship between the diversity of higher plant macrofossils in surface sediments of lakes and the surrounding vegetation is examined in two mountain regions; Grodalen in central Norway and the south-east Cairngorms in Scotland. Two lake sediment cores from each area were also analysed to examine vegetation history and to estimate changes in biodiversity through the Holocene. The diversity of present day vegetation in each region was estimated using both quadrat data and classified satellite images of the study areas. The mean surface sample macrofossil representation of species recorded in quadrats collected within 250 m of the lakes was c. 17%. This figure drops to only c. 2% when the satellite imagery of the same area is used to provide a maximal species list. The macrofossil data from the Norwegian cores show that deglaciation in this region occurred earlier on the mountain summit than in the valley and that the maximum tree line elevation was during the interval 9100-4400 $^{14}$C yr BP. In the Cairngorms the maximum tree line elevation was prior to c. 4500 $^{14}$C yr BP. The changes in higher plant diversity recorded at these sites through the Holocene show that c. 4000 $^{14}$C yr BP the reduction in the tree line resulted in decreased $\beta$-diversity at higher altitudes but an increase at the lower altitude as the forest cover opened up. Under conditions of climatic warming it is likely areas that come to lie below the tree line will experience reduced diversity and that a permanent loss of biodiversity would result from a severe reduction in the area above the tree line. Notes: FLA Biodiversity from Palaeoecological Data 03050270 Blackwell Science latex Copyright 1999 Blackwell Science, Inc. URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0305-0270%28199901%2926%3A1%3C55%3AEPFDIM%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 109 Author: Adams, David G.; Duggan, Paula S. Year: 1999 Title: Tansley Review No. 107 Heterocyst and Akiniete Differentiation in Cyanobacteria Journal: New Phytologist Volume: 144 Issue: 1 Pages: 3-33 Date: Oct. Keywords: Cyanobacteria, Heterocyst, Akinete, Nitrogen Fixation, Differentiation Abstract: Cyanobacteria are an ancient and morphologically diverse group of photosynthetic prokaryotes. They were the first organisms to evolve oxygenic photosynthesis, and so changed the Earth's atmosphere from anoxic to oxic. As a consequence, many nitrogen-fixing bacteria became confined to suitable anoxic environmental niches, because the enzyme nitrogenase is highly sensitive to oxygen. However, in the cyanobacteria a number of strategies evolved that protected nitrogenase from oxygen, including a temporal separation of oxygenic photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation and, in some filamentous strains, the differentiation of a specialized cell, the heterocyst, which provided a suitable microaerobic environment for the functioning of nitrogenase. The evolution of a spore-like cell, the akinete, almost certainly preceded that of the heterocyst and, indeed, the akinete may have been the ancestor of the heterocyst. Cyanobacteria have the capacity to differentiate several additional cell and filament types, but this review will concentrate on the heterocyst and the akinete, emphasizing the differentiation and spacing of these specialized cells. Notes: FLA 0028646x
Cambridge University Press Copyright 1999 New Phytologist Trust URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0028-646X%28199910%29144%3A1%3C3%3ATRN1HA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-9 Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 152 Author: Stierle, Donald B.; Stierle, Andrea A.; Bugni, Tim; Loewen, Greg Year: 1998 Title: Gloeolactone, a New Epoxy Lactone from a Blue-Green Alga Journal: Journal of Natural Products Volume: 61 Issue: 2 Pages: 251-252 Accession Number: AN 1998:88092 Keywords: Gloeotrichia (a new epoxy lactone from a blue-green alga); Toxins Role: BAC (Biological activity or effector, except adverse), BOC (Biological occurrence), BSU (Biological study, unclassified), PRP (Properties), PUR (Purification or recovery), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence), PREP (Preparation) (cytotoxins; gloeolactone, a new epoxy lactone from a blue-green alga); New natural products (gloeolactone); Molecular structure (of gloeolactone) gloeolactone toxin Gloeotrichia Abstract: A novel lactone, gloeolactone (I), has been isolated from the blue-green alga, Gloeotrichia sp. The structure of I was elucidated from a detailed anal. of the NMR spectra. I was shown to be toxic to brine shrimp. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 128:99642 10-1
Microbial, Algal, and Fungal Biochemistry Department of Chemistry,Montana Tech of the University of Montana,Butte,MT,USA. Journal 0163-3864 written in English. 198770-10-4P (Gloeolactone) Role: BAC (Biological activity or effector, except adverse), BOC (Biological occurrence), BSU (Biological study, unclassified), PRP (Properties), PUR (Purification or recovery), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence), PREP (Preparation) (a new epoxy lactone from a blue-green alga) Reference Type: Book Record Number: 153 Author: Rodrigo, M. A.; Pierson, D. C.; Pettersson, K.; Kaup, E.; Padisak, J. Year: 1998 Title: Sinking and floating rates of natural phytoplankton assemblages in Lake Erken Series Editor: Forsberg, C.; Petterson, K. City: Stuttgart (FRG) Publisher: Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung ISBN: 0071-1128 3510470532 Accession Number: 4418996 Keywords: Phytoplankton; Sinking; Chlorophylls; Dominant species; Light intensity; Bacillariophyceae; Cyanophyta; Cryptophyta; Chrysophyta; Gloeotrichia echinulata; Sweden, Erken L. Freshwater Q1 01461 Plankton
Referred to also as Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie. Spec. issue: Ergebnisse der Limnologie. Incl. bibliogr.: 64 refs. English Book Monograph Author Address: Department Microbiologia i Ecologia, Fac. Biologia, Univ. Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 154 Author: Pettersson, Kurt Year: 1998 Title: Mechanisms for internal loading of phosphorus in lakes Journal: Hydrobiologia Volume: 373/374 Pages: 21-25 Accession Number: AN 1998:703908 Keywords: Cyanobacteria; Eutrophication; Gloeotrichia echinulata; Lake sediments; Water pollution (mechanisms for internal loading of phosphorus in lakes) phosphorus internal loading lake water pollution; sediment lake phosphorus internal loading Abstract: Lake sediments play an important role in the phosphorus metab. in lakes. The impact depends on the tendencies to retain and to release phosphorus.The internal loading will often det. the eutrophication status of the lake and the time lag for recovery after redn. of the external loading. Internal loading is most important during the summer. The potential source of phosphorus in the surficial sediments is very large in comparison to the pools in the water column. This means that even if only a very small amt. is released, it will have significant impact on the phosphorus concn. in the lake water. The distribution of phosphorus forms in sediments have been investigated since the 1950s. Generally, vertical profiles of sediment phosphorus content, expressed on dry wt. basis, show an increasing total content towards the sediment surface. The vertical profile continues up into the water when looking at the particulate matter. A no. of environmental factors are important in the mobilization processes. Most studies indicate that sediment bacteria have a significant role in uptake, storage and release of phosphorus including anaerobic release of iron-bound phosphorus. Several phytoplankton species have resting stages overwintering on the sediment. When growth is induced, they leave their habitat in order to shift their life-form to a pelagic one. In Lake Erken the cyanobacteria Gloeotrichia echinulata has been shown to contribute significantly to the internal loading of phosphorus during the summer. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 130:56734 61-2
Water Erken Laboratory, Institute of Limnology,Uppsala University,Norr Malma,Swed. Journal 0018-8158 written in English. 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (mechanisms for internal loading of phosphorus in lakes) Reference Type: Book Record Number: 155 Author: Forsell, L. Year: 1998 Title: Migration from the littoral zone as an inoculum for phytoplankton Series Editor: Forsberg, C.; Petterson, K. City: Stuttgart (FRG) Publisher: Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung ISBN: 0071-1128 3510470532 Accession Number: 4418988 Keywords: Phytoplankton; Colonization; Survival; Sediment structure; Gloeotrichia echinulata; Sweden, Erken L. Freshwater Q1 01461 Plankton Abstract: During the decline of the pelagic population of Gloeotrichia echinulata in Lake Erken a substantial amount of akinete-containing colonies are driven into the shallow bays and up onto the shorelines. In order to evaluate the survival and potential significance of these akinetes as an inoculum for next years pelagic population, their capacity to survive a winter on dry ground was tested and the akinete-containing colonies in the sediments of a shallow bay were quantified. The concentration of akinetes was higher in these shallow areas than in the deeper parts of the lake; but the incomparably highest numbers per m super(2) were found more or less on the shoreline. The experiments showed that the akinetes were still able to germinate after six winter months on land. These studies indicate that the main part of the recruitment of new G. echinulata colonies could come from the littoral areas. Potentially this could also be true for other species, suggesting that it is important to include the littoral zone in further studies on seasonal migration. Notes: Lake Erken -- 50 years of limnological research. pp. 21-27. [Adv. Limnol.]. no. 51, 1998. Referred to also as Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie. Spec. issue: Ergebnisse der Limnologie. English Book Monograph Author Address: Institute of Limnology, Uppsala University, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 156 Author: Bell, Russel T.; Stensdotter, Ulrika; Pettersson, Kurt; Istanovics, Vera; Pierson, Donald C. Year: 1998 Title: Microbial dynamics and phosphorus turnover in Lake Erken Journal: Advances in Limnology Volume: 51 Issue: Lake Erken Pages: 1-20 Accession Number: AN 1998:455706 Keywords: Lake waters (eutrophic; microbial dynamics and phosphorus turnover in Lake Erken (Sweden); Growth (microbial dynamics and phosphorus turnover in Lake Erken (Sweden); Bacterioplankton; Phytoplankton; Protozoa (microbial dynamics and phosphorus turnover in Lake Erken (Sweden) in relation to) microbial dynamics phosphorus turnover lake Sweden; bacterioplankton dynamics phosphorus turnover lake Sweden; phytoplankton dynamics phosphorus turnover lake Sweden; protozoa dynamics phosphorus turnover lake Sweden; eutrophic lake microbial dynamics phosphorus turnover Abstract: The aim was to couple microbial dynamics with measures of nutrient stress during the period of summer stratification (June through August, 1988) in the epilimnion in mesotrophic Lake Erken, Sweden. Two weekly measurements were made including bacterial abundance and prodn. (thymidine incorporation), chl a, primary prodn., nanoflagellate and ciliate abundances, alk. phosphatase activity (APA), phosphate turnover time, and the phosphorus deficiency index (PDI; rate of light satd. photosynthesis divided by the max. phosphate uptake velocity). The lake was characterized by 3 periods with different phytoplankton strategies for acquiring P. In early June when flagellates were >90% of phytoplankton biomass and ~67% of the flagellates were potential bacteriovores, flagellate grazing roughly match bacterial mortality, and ~50% of the flagellate P needs were potentially met by ingesting bacteria. During July, when bacterial prodn. was greatest, bacterial abundance remained const. at ~1 * 109/L. At this time potential flagellate bacteriovory constituted >25% of bacterial mortality. Densities of the small cladocerans, Diphanosoma brachyrum, and Daphnia cucullata, reached >100/L in late July and were likely the dominant bacterivores. The PDI increased from indicating severe P deficiency in June to moderate P deficiency in July. By August, the phytoplankton community was ~50% composed of the 2 N2-fixing cynobacteria, Anabaena sp. and Gloeotrichia echinulata. These cyanobacteria have internal P stores, and the PDI showed low P deficiency with the dominance of cyanobacteria, heterotrophic bacterial prodn. decreased by an order of magnitude, but the exact cause for the decline was not evident. During late July, ~20% of the bacteria were in \"aggregate\" that were a refuge from grazing. The large bacteria in the aggregates were probably a \"sink\" for nutrients conomita with the rapid turnover of the free planktonic bacteria. Thus bacteria as do algae have growth forms that escape grazing. 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