Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 113 Author
Title: Grazing on Filamentous Cyanobacteria by Daphnia pulicaria Journal
Download 1.4 Mb.
|
Title: Grazing on Filamentous Cyanobacteria by Daphnia pulicaria Journal: Limnology and Oceanography Volume: 41 Issue: 3 Pages: 560-567 Date: May Abstract: I conducted short-term grazer-gradient experiments to assess direct mortality effects of Daphnia pulicaria on phytoplankton species in natural lake phytoplankton assemblages that contained 20-80% filamentous cyanobateria by biovolume. Filamentous cyanobacteria often interfere with feeding by large cladoceran zooplankton such as D. pulicaria and can limit their distribution, yet some D. pulicaria populations coexist with filamentous cyanobacteria. In my trials, D. pulicaria from Oneida Lake and Cazenovia Lake, New York, consumed three species of filamentous cyanobacteria (Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Anabaena flos-aquae, Anabaena wisconsinense) but avoided three other species of Anabaena. Despite high filament concentrations, Daphnia consumed diatoms, flagellates, and chlorococcales and reduced overall phytoplankton abundance. Coexistence of Daphnia and filamentous cyanobacteria in these lakes apparently is facilitated by undeterred consumption of some species and avoidance of others, without substantial interference. Notes: FLA Notes
00243590 American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Copyright 1996 American Society of Limnology and Oceanography
control; sediment-water exchanges; trophic structure; meiobenthos; USA, Washington, Green L.; USA, Washington, Seattle, Green L. sediment-water exchanges; aluminum compounds; trophic structure; meiobenthos; alum; trophic level Freshwater SW 3070 Water quality control; Q1 01482 Ecosystems and energetics; Q5 01505 Prevention and control; SW 0850 Lakes; Q1 01462 Benthos Abstract: The response of sediment-to-water migration of blue-green algae and trophic state indicators to aluminum sulfate (alum) buffered with sodium aluminate treatment was studies in a shallow lake. A comparison of results from two summers before treatment and three summers after treatment indicates that migration of blue-green algae was unaffected. Migration of Gloeotrichia echinulat continues to be highly variable from year to year making isolation of the effects of treatment difficult. Migration of other blue-green species, particularly Coelosphaerium, has increased after treatment. The colonial phosphorus content of migrating Gloeotrichia was unaffected by the treatment indicating that alum did not interfere with phosphorus uptake from the sediments. Experimental results revealed that illumination at the sediment surface did not regulate migration of blue-green algae under the study conditions. The trophic state of the lake after the alum treatment met program goals for transparency (2.5 m) and total phosphorus (30 mu g/L), despite the lack of dilution water, which previously maintained lake water quality. Following alum treatment, sediment phosphorus release was reduced to one-third of the pre-treatment rate. Notes: 15. Annual International Symposium of the North American Lake Management Society, Toronto, ON (Canada), 6-11 Nov 1995 1995
0743-8141 Summary only. English Journal Article; Conference; Summary Author Address: Dep. Civ. Eng., Univ. Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA Reference Type: Book Record Number: 164 Author: Pettersson, K.; Forsell, L.; Hasselrot, A. T. Year: 1995 Title: Horizontal distribution patterns during a cyanobacterial bloom Series Editor: Mur, L. R.; Visser, P. M.; Reith, H. Number of Pages: 139-142 ISBN: 0273-1223 0080428800 Accession Number: 3880720 Keywords: algal blooms; horizontal distribution; eutrophic lakes; phytoplankton; algae; distribution; stratification; Cyanophyta; Cyanophyta Sweden, Erken L.; Gleotrichia echinulata; algal blooms; horizontal distribution Q1 01461 Plankton; SW 0850 Lakes Abstract: A hierarchical sampling was performed in order to give a picture of the horizontal distribution of cyanobacterial colonies. It showed how the importance of different scales in distance changed during the summer bloom of Gloeotrichia echinulata in the moderately eutrophic and stratified Lake Erken in southeastern Sweden. G. echinulata colonies occurred in patches at a distance of similar to 1000 m and the variance at smaller scales was low. For colony content of phosphorus, chlorophyll a and size, however, the largest variances were found at the 20 m (and error) scale if the variances between dates are not taken into account. It was concluded that in order to estimate the lake population of cyanobacterial colonies properly these variances must be considered when deciding the sampling program. Notes: Conf. on Selection Mechanisms Controlling Biomass Distribution, Noordwijkerhout (Netherlands), 11-15 Dec 1994 Iawq-sil conference on selection mechanisms controlling biomass distribution, held in noordwijkerhout, the netherlands, 11-15 december 1994., 1995 Water Science and Technology [WATER SCI. TECHNOL.], vol. 32, no. 4 English
Book Monograph; Conference Author Address: Uppsala Univ., Inst. Limnology, Erken Lab., Norr Malma 4200, S-761 73 Norrtaelje, Sweden Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 105 Author: Istvanovics, Vera; Herodek, Sandor Year: 1995 Title: Estimation of Net Uptake and Leakage Rates of Orthophosphate from $^32 P-Uptake$ Kinetics by a Linear Force-Flow Model Journal: Limnology and Oceanography Volume: 40 Issue: 1 Pages: 17-32 Date: Jan. Abstract: $^32 P-uptake$ kinetics of extremely P-deficient planktonic microorganisms were analyzed in shallow Lake Balaton by means of a conceptual model of P uptake. According to the model, net P uptake is a linear function of the driving force of the uptake and ceases below a substrate threshold for energetic reasons. We estimated net P-uptake and P-leakage rates from $^32 P-uptake$ data. The study period (January-May 1992) covered development, steady state growth, and collapse of a typical spring diatom bloom. $^32 P$ incorporation of <3-, 3-12-, and $>12 \mum$ microorganisms was separated by postfiltration. On five occasions, net P-uptake rates were simultaneously obtained from chemical measurements. Chemically measured net P-uptake curves, $^32 P-uptake$ curves, and size partitioning of $^32 P$ incorporation can be recalculated from the constants of the linear force-flow model. The initial orthophosphate concentration fluctuated around $0.1 \mug P liter^-1$. The community-average P threshold exceeded the initial P concentration by a mean factor of 1.4, that of the $>12-\mum$ microorganisms by a mean factor of 3.9. Small-scale fluctuations of in situ P concentrations were necessary to maintain P uptake and growth of larger microorganisms. In a nonhomogeneous environment, sensitivity to the fluctuating nutrient concentrations, efficiency of leakage reduction, and lower maintenance cell quotas may provide a competitive advantage to more complex organisms. Notes: FLA 00243590
American Society of Limnology and Oceanography latex
Copyright 1995 American Society of Limnology and Oceanography URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0024-3590%28199501%2940%3A1%3C17%3AEONUAL%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Q Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 106 Author: Gantar, M.; Kerby, N. W.; Rowell, P.; Obreht, Z.; Scrimgeour, C. Year: 1995 Title: Colonization of Wheat (Triticum vulgare L.) by N$_2$-Fixing Cyanobacteria: IV. Dark Nitrogenase Activity and Effects of Cyanobacteria on Natural $^{15}$N Abundance in the Plants Journal: New Phytologist Volume: 129 Issue: 2 Pages: 337-343 Date: Feb. Keywords: Biofertilizers, Cyanobacteria, $^{15}$N/$^{14}$N Fractionation, Nitrogenase Activity, Wheat Abstract: Two cyanobacterial soil isolates, Nostoc 2S9B and Anabaena C5, that had previously been shown to form different types of association with the roots of wheat plants grown in liquid culture, were tested for heterotrophic nitrogenase activity and the ability to colonize the roots of plants grown in sand. Nostoc 2S9B showed substantial nitrogenase activity when associated with the roots of plants grown in liquid culture in medium free of combined N, even with the roots maintained and with assays performed in the dark (29% of the rate shown by root-associated Nostoc 2S9B grown and assayed in the light). When grown heterotrophically in the dark, at the expense of fructose, free-living Nostoc 2S9B showed a similar nitrogenase activity to root-associated Nostoc 2S9B in the dark. In contrast, Anabaena C5 showed no nitrogenase activity in the dark, under these conditions. When three different wheat cultivars were grown in sand that had previously been surface-inoculated with Nostoc 2S9B or with the cultured symbiotic cyanobacterium Nostoc LBG1, isolated from the bryophyte Anthoceros, there was colonization of the plant roots; there was no colonization of roots by Anabaena C5 under these conditions. Some increases in plant biomass and nitrogen content were observed, but these were dependent on the wheat cultivar and cyanobacterial inoculum used. Wheat plants grown in sand that had been pre-inoculated with Nostoc 2S9B, Nostoc LBG1 or Anabaena C5 in medium free of combined N had lower $\delta^{15}$N values in both roots and shoots than plants grown under identical conditions without a cyanobacterial inoculum. The observed $^{15}$N/$^{14}$N fractionation indicates that N$_2$ fixed by the cyanobacteria contributed to the nitrogen economy of the wheat plants, irrespective of whether they were closely associated with the plant roots. Notes: FLA 0028646x
Cambridge University Press latex
Copyright 1995 New Phytologist Trust URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0028-646X%28199502%29129%3A2%3C337%3ACOW%28VL%3E2.0.CO%3B2-B Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 165 Author: Forsell, L.; Pettersson, K. Year: 1995 Title: On the seasonal migration of the cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia echinulata in Lake Erken, Sweden, and its influence on the pelagic population Journal: Marine & Freshwater Research Volume: 46 Issue: 1 Pages: 287-293 Alternate Journal: Mar. Freshwat. Res. Accession Number: 3815249 Keywords: phytoplankton; lake deposits; sediment-water exchanges; eutrophic lakes; phosphorus cycle; vertical migrations; Gloeotrichia echinulata Sweden, Erken L. Freshwater Q1 01421 Migrations and rhythms Abstract: The quantity and distribution of colonies of Gloeotrichia echinulata migrating from the sediments into the water column were studied in Lake Erken by the use of inverted traps. The epilimnetic population and the phosphorus status of the epilimnetic colonies were quantified. The numbers of colonies in the traps were greatest in the shallower areas. As the stratification became weaker and the epilimnetic population declined, the amount of colonies in all the traps increased markedly. Most of the colonies in the traps were due to redistribution within the water column. On the assumption that no epilimnetic uptake of phosphorus occurred in G. echinulata, the internal loading of P due to migrating colonies would be about 0.5 mg per sq m per day during July and August. The proportion of newly migrated colonies in the epilimnetic population was calculated to be about 50 percent for the period before the population maximum. The increasing P content of the colonies after the population maximum indicates that the migration continued even after this. Notes: 6. International Symposium. International Association for Sediment Water Sciences, Santa Barbara, CA (Australia) 1995
1323-1650 English
Journal Article; Conference Author Address: Uppsala Univ. Dep. of Limnol., S-761 73 Norrtalje, Sweden Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 166 Author: Aziz, A. Year: 1995 Title: Nitrogen-Fixation in Relation to the Metamorphosis of Gloeotrichia-Pisum D613 Journal: Bangladesh Journal of Botany Volume: 24 Issue: 1 Pages: 81-86 Date: Jun Accession Number: ISI:A1995RF31900013 Keywords: n-2-fixation; metamorphosis; gloeotrichia; culture Abstract: The changes of nitrogen fixation (ARA) were studied in relation to the metamorphosis of Gloeotrichia pisum D613 in batch culture. During metamorphosis, the alga passes through stages, like hormogonia, juvenile filaments, developing filaments and mature filaments. The relative occurrence of these stages varies with the age of cultures. Maximum ARA was observed ed after one day of growth under continuous light flux of 105 mu E m(-1) s(-1) and at a temperature of 32 degrees C. During this period juvenile filaments were abundant having a maximum heterocyst frequency and cultures had the lowest chi a: dry wt. ratio. Cells of juvenile filaments had no cyanophycin granules. It appeared that the juvenile filaments suffered nitrogen starvation, thus actively fixed nitrogen. Significance of this result in relation to rice cultivation and algalization has been discussed. Notes: English URL: Author Address: AZIZ, A, UNIV DHAKA,DEPT BOT,DHAKA 1000,BANGLADESH. Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 167 Author: Vangeel, B.; Mur, L. R.; Ralskajasiewiczowa, M.; Goslar, T. Year: 1994 Title: Fossil Akinetes of Aphanizomenon and Anabaena as Indicators for Medieval Phosphate-Eutrophication of Lake Gosciaz (Central Poland) Journal: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology Volume: 83 Issue: 1-3 Pages: 97-105 Date: Sep Accession Number: ISI:A1994PF98300010 Keywords: netherlands; deposit; usselo Abstract: Records of fossil akinetes of Aphanizomenon and Anabaena (Cyanobacteria) in the laminated sediments of Lake Gosciaz are interpreted. Increasing human impact in the catchment area of the lake (as can be interpreted from the pollen records of human impact indicators) apparently had its effect on the trophic conditions of the lake water: from ca. 1000 AD on, fossil akinetes of Aphanizomenon and Anabaena are present in enormous quantities in the sediment. The increases of the Cyanobacteria are interpreted as the effect of an intensification of fanning and land fertilization in the area around Lake Gosciaz, causing eutrophication of the lake. Phosphorus enrichment from effluent and excreta in the catchment area of the lake at limes will have become so high that N-limited growth conditions occurred. In such conditions Cyanobacteria capable of nitrogen fixation (namely Aphanizomenon and Anabaena) could bloom. The deposits of the last ca. two centuries are characterised by the successive appearance of Pediastrum boryanum, Tetraedron minimum, Coelastrum cf. reticulatum, Botryococcus, Scenedesmus, Spirogyra, Gloeotrichia and Staurastrum manfeldtii, whereas Cyanobacteria show a decline. This phytoplankton succession could be interpreted in terms of competition for nutrients and light: higher eutrophication levels and higher turbidity caused a decline of available light, and as a consequence less energy was available for the energy consuming process of nitrogen fu;ation by Aphanizomenon and Anabaena. Notes: Cited References: BATTEN DJ, 1985, REV PALAEOBOT PALYNO, V44, P233 CHURSKI Z, 1993, POLISH BOT STUD GUID, V8, P15 COESEL PFM, 1992, ALGOL STUD, V67, P69 CRONBERG G, 1986, HDB HOLOCENE PALAEOE, P507 GOSLAR T, 1988, 1988 EXC GUID S VIST, P136 GOULDEN CE, 1970, T AM PHILOS SOC, V60, P102 HUTCHINSON GE, 1957, TREATISE LIMNOLOGY LIVINGSTONE D, 1980, BR PHYCOL J, V15, P357 LIVINGSTONE D, 1981, BRIT PHYCOL J, V16, P195 ODGAARD BV, 1994, OPERA BOT, V123, P1 ODGARD B, 1989, J DANISH ARCHEOLOGY, V8, P200 PELISIAK A, 1993, POL BOT STUD GUIDEB, V8, P63 RALSKAJASIEWICZ.M, 1987, B POL ACAD SCI EARTH, V35, P127 RALSKAJASIEWICZ.M, 1992, SVERIGES GEOLOGISKA, V81, P257 RALSKAJASIEWICZ.M, 1992, VEG HIST ARCHAEOBOT, V1, P33 SCHARF W, 1985, ARCH HYDROBIOL S, V71, P549 SCHREURS H, 1992, THESIS U AMSTERDAM A TRAVERSE A, 1988, PALEOPALYNOLOGY VANGEEL B, 1983, REV PALAEOBOT PALYNO, V38, P269 VANGEEL B, 1984, ACTA BOT NEERL, V33, P535 VANGEEL B, 1986, HDB HOLOCENE PALAEOE, P497 VANGEEL B, 1989, RADIOCARBON, V31, P151 VANGEEL B, 1989, REV PALAEOBOT PALYNO, V60, P25 ZEVENBOOM W, 1980, DEV HYDROBIOL, V2, P123 ZEVENBOOM W, 1980, THESIS U AMSTERDAM A English
VANGEEL, B, UNIV AMSTERDAM,HUGO DE VRIES LAB,KRUISLAAN 318,1098 SM AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 168 Author: Pierson, Donald C.; Colom, William; Rodrigo, Maria A. Year: 1994 Title: The influence of photoinhibition and algal size on vertical variations in chlorophyll-a specific photosynthesis Journal: Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie Volume: 129 Issue: 3 Pages: 293-309 Accession Number: AN 1994:319639 Keywords: Photosynthesis (chlorophyll a-specific, vertical variation in, of algae, photoinhibition and algal size effect on); Algae; Gloeotrichia echinulata (photosynthesis in, vertical variations of, photoinhibition and algal size effect on); Light (photosynthesis photoinhibition by, in algae, vertical variation in photosynthesis response to); Chlorophylls Role: BIOL (Biological study) (photosynthesis specific to, in algae, vertical variations in, algal size and photoinhibition effect on) photosynthesis chlorophyll a algae vertical variation; algae size photosynthesis chlorophyll a depth; light photosynthesis photoinhibition algae chlorophyll depth Abstract: Rates of chlorophyll-a specific photosynthesis were measured at 0.5 m and 3.0 m depths within Lake Erken (60 Deg N, Central Sweden) during the summer when the lake was seasonally stratified, and the upper meters of the water column were often diurnally stratified. The surface values of both light limited (aB) and light satd. (PBmax) photosynthesis consistently decreased to 30-40% of that measured at 3.0 m. Two possible explanations for the decline in surface photosynthesis are possible: (1) photoinhibition by high surface irradiances, and (2) migration of large colonial cyanobacteria, esp. Gloeotrichia echinulata, to the surface. Because of their large size (100-2000 mm), rates of chlorophyll a-specific photosynthesis are reduced, so that an increase in G. echinulata nos. will lead to decreases in whole water ests. of photosynthesis. To sep. the effects of these two processes, addnl. measurements were made on samples sepd. by filtration through a 90 mm net which effectively removed the G. echinulata colonies from the remaining phytoplankton. In both of the size fractions, declines in surface photosynthesis of up to 50% were found which could be attributed to photoinhibition. The chlorophyll a-specific rates of photosynthesis in the > 90 mm size fraction were consistently lower than the < 90 mm size fraction. Measurements made during a G. echinulata bloom suggest that size-related redns. in surface photosynthesis on the order of 30% can be expected. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 120:319639 11-6
Plant Biochemistry Inst. Limnol.,Uppsala Univ.,Norrtalje,Swed. Journal 0003-9136 written in English. 479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a) Role: BIOL (Biological study) (photosynthesis specific to, in algae, vertical variations in, algal size and photoinhibition effect on); 479-61-8 Role: BIOL (Biological study) (photosynthesis, chlorophyll a-specific, vertical variation in, of algae, photoinhibition and algal size effect on) Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 169 Author: Lennihan, R.; Chapin, D. M.; Dickson, L. G. Year: 1994 Title: Nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis in high arctic forms of Nostoc commune Journal: Canadian Journal of Botany/Revue Canadien de Botanique Volume: 72 Issue: 7 Pages: 940-945 Alternate Journal: Can. J. Bot./Rev. Can. Bot. Accession Number: 3711655 Keywords: nitrogen fixation; photosynthesis; polar environments; bacteria; ecophysiology; polar waters; biogeochemical cycle; Nostoc commune; Cyanophyta; Canada, Northwest Terr. polar waters; biogeochemical cycle; polar environments Freshwater D 04620 Microorganisms; K 03049 Algae; Q1 01482 Ecosystems and energetics
Directory: chemistry chemistry -> Summer 2015 Research Opportunities for Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduates chemistry -> Application for Summer Undergraduate Research Program nsf research Experiences for Undergraduates (reu) – 2015 Please Print Clearly or Type chemistry -> Application for Summer Undergraduate Research Program nsf research Experiences for Undergraduates (reu) – 2016 Please Print Clearly or Type chemistry -> Summer 2014 Research Opportunities for Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduates chemistry -> Summer 2016 Research Opportunities for Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduates chemistry -> Cloud Point Extraction Methodology for Separation and Microamounts Determination of Lead chemistry -> Spring Hill College List of Nearby Restaurant Options Atlanta Bread Company chemistry -> Where the heck is Fernando de Noronha? chemistry -> Topics 6 & 16: Kinetics 1 Collision theory and rates of reaction Download 1.4 Mb. Share with your friends:
|