443 infs 3 multimedia applications question bank chapter 1: Introduction to Multimedia
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COLLEGE OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION SYSTEMS 443 INFS 3 - MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS QUESTION BANK Chapter 1: Introduction to Multimedia Short Answer Questions 1. What do you understand multimedia? Multimedia is any combination of text, art, sound, animation, and video delivered to you by computer or other electronic or digitally manipulated means 2. What are the major elements of a multimedia document? Elements of multimedia-dazzling pictures and animations, engaging sounds, compelling video clips, and raw textual information-you can electrify the thought and action centers of people's minds. 3. What is virtual reality? At the convergence of technology and creative invention in multimedia is virtual reality, or VR. Goggles, helmets, special gloves, and bizarre human interfaces attempt to place you “inside” a lifelike experience. VR requires terrific computing horsepower to be realistic. In VR, your cyberspace is made up of many thousands of geometric objects plotted in three-dimensional space On the World Wide Web, standards for transmitting virtual reality worlds or scenes in VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) documents (with the filename extension .wrl) Virtual reality (VR) is an extension of multimedia-it uses the basic multimedia elements of imagery, sound, and animation. Because it requires instrumented feedback from a wired-up person, VR is perhaps interactive multimedia at its fullest extension. ) 4. Cite the history of multimedia and note important projected changes in the future of multimedia. - The promise of multimedia has spawned numerous mergers, expansions, and other ventures. These include hardware, software, content, and delivery services. - The future of multimedia will include high bandwidth access to a wide array of multimedia resources and learning materials. Long Answer Questions 1. Define common multimedia terms such as multimedia, integration, interactive, HTML, and authoring and qualify various characteristics of multimedia: nonlinear versus linear content. Multimedia is any combination of text, graphic art, sound, animation, and video delivered by computer or other electronic means. Multimedia production requires creative, technical, organizing, and business ability. Multimedia presentations can be nonlinear (interactive) or linear (passive). Multimedia can contain structured linking called hypermedia. Multimedia developers produce multimedia titles using authoring tools. Multimedia projects, when published, are multimedia titles 2. Describe several different environments in which multimedia might be used, and several different aspects of multimedia that provide a benefit over other forms of information presentation. Multimedia is appropriate wherever a human interacts with electronic information. Areas in which multimedia presentations are suitable include education, training, marketing, advertising, product demos, databases, catalogs, entertainment, and networked communications. 3. Qualify various characteristics of multimedia non linear versus linear content. Multimedia presentations can be nonlinear (interactive) or linear (passive). Multimedia can contain structured linking called hypermedia. Multimedia developers produce multimedia titles using authoring tools. Multimedia projects, when published, are multimedia titles. Chapter 2: Text Short Answer Questions 1. What do you understand by leading and kerning of a text? - Leading is the space between lines. - Kerning is the space between individual characters. 2. What is dithering? Dithering is a process whereby the color value of each pixel is changed to the closest matching color value in the target palette, using a mathematical algorithm. 3. What do you understand by ASCII character? 4. What do you understand by Extended character set?
5. What is Unicode? A 16-bit architecture for multilingual text and character encoding. Called Unicode, the original standard accommodated up to about 65,000 characters to include the characters. 6. What is jaggies? x 7. Differentiate between hypertext and hypermedia?
8. List some attributes of a block of text. - Typical font styles are bold, italic, and underlined. - Type sizes are usually expressed in points (about 72 per inch). - Leading is the space between lines. - Kerning is the space between individual characters. - Alignment can be left, right, centered, or justified. Long Answer Questions 1. Discuss the importance of text in a multimedia presentation. With the recent explosion of the Internet and the World Wide Web, text has become more important than ever. Words and symbols in any form, spoken or written, are the most common system of communication. It’s important to design labels for title screens, menus, and buttons using words that have the most precise and powerful meanings to express what you need to say. Experiment with the words you plan to use by letting others try them. 2. Define Multimedia, interactive multimedia, hypermedia, hypertext, links, anchors and node with a suitable diagram. Multimedia—the combination of text, graphic, and audio elements into a single collection or presentation—becomes interactive multimedia when you give the user some control over what information is viewed and when it is viewed. Interactive multimedia becomes hypermedia when its designer provides a structure of linked elements through which a user can navigate and interact. When a hypermedia project includes large amounts of text or symbolic content, this content can be indexed and its elements then linked together to afford rapid electronic retrieval of the associated information. When words are keyed or indexed to other words, you have a hypertext system; the “text” part of this term represents the project’s content and meaning, rather than the graphical presentation of the text. Hypertext is what the World Wide Web is all about. When text lives in a computer instead of on printed pages, the computer’s powerful processing capabilities can be applied to make the text more accessible and meaningful. The text can then be called hypertext; because the words, sections, an thoughts are linked, the user can navigate through text in a nonlinear way, quickly and intuitively. Because hypertext is the organized cross-linking of words not only to other words but also to associated images, video clips, sounds, and other exhibits, hypertext often becomes simply an additional feature within an overall multimedia design. Links are connections between the conceptual elements, that is, the nodes containing text, graphics, sounds, or related information in the knowledge base. The term anchor is formally used in HTML as the reference from one document to another document, image, sound, or file. Links are the navigation pathways and menus; nodes are accessible topics, documents, messages, and content elements. A link anchor is where you come from; a link end is the destination node linked to the anchor. Diagram : 
Chapter 3: Image Short Answer Questions 1. What is bitmap and vector drawn image? Still images are generated by the computer in two ways: as bitmaps (or paint graphics) and as vector-drawn (or just plain “drawn”) graphics requiring fine detail. Bitmaps are used for photo-realistic images and for complex drawings requiring fine detail. Vector-drawn objects are used for lines, boxes, circles, polygons, and other graphic shapes that can be mathematically expressed in angles, coordinates, and distances. Typically, image files are compressed to save memory and disk space; many bitmap image file formats already use compression within the file itself—for example, GIF, JPEG, and PNG. 2. Define Morphing and Dithering. - Morphing allows you to smoothly blend two images so that one image seems to melt into the next, often producing some amusing results. - Dithering is a process whereby the color value of each pixel is changed to the closest matching color value in the target palette, using a mathematical algorithm. 3. Describe auto Tracing and Rendering. Converting bitmaps to drawn objects is more difficult. There are, however, programs and utilities that will compute the bounds of a bitmapped image or the shapes of colors within an image and then derive the polygon object that describes the image. This procedure is called autotracing. Rendering is when the computer finally uses intricate algorithms to apply the effects you have specified on the objects you have created. 4. What is additive and subtractive color? Give examples. Additive Color : RGB In the additive color method, a color is created by combining colored light sources in three primary colors: red, green, and blue (RGB). This is the process used for a TV or computer monitor. On the back of the glass face of a CRT are thousands of phosphorescing chemical dots. These dots are bombarded by electrons that “paint” the screen at high speeds. The red, green, and blue dots light up when hit by the electron beam. 
Subtractive Color : CMYK In the subtractive color method, color is created by combining colored media such as paints or ink . Subtractive color is the process used to create color in printing. The printed page is made up of tiny halftone dots of three primary colors: cyan, magenta, and yellow (designated as CMY). Four-color printing includes black. 
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