Englis h 5 7 3 0 rhetoric
Glossary of Rhetorical Terms
Download 0.84 Mb.
|
Glossary of Rhetorical Terms accumulation to bdelygmia accumulation 
Figure wherein a rhetor gathers scattered points and lists them together. -"Emptiness, Qohelet says, everything is emptiness. What do people gain from all the work they do under the sun? A generation goes and a generation comes, yet the earth remains forever. The sun rises and the sun sets, and rushes back again to the place from which it rises. The wind blows south, then returns to the north, round and round goes the wind, on its rounds it circulates. All streams flow to the sea, yet the sea does not fill up. All matters are tiring, more than anyone can express. The eye is not satisfied with seeing, nor the ear filled with hearing. What is is what will be, and what has been done is what will be done. There is nothing new under the sun." ("Ecclesiastes," The Old Testament) -"I don't know how to manage my time; he does. . . . I don't know how to dance and he does. I don't know how to type and he does. I don't know how to drive. . . . I don't know how to sing and he does." (Natalia Ginzburg, "He and I") -"We have our troubles too--One trouble is you: you talk too loud, cuss too loud, look too black." (Langston Hughes, "High to Low") allegory 
Extending a metaphor through an entire speech or passage so that objects, persons, and actions in the text are equated with meanings that lie outside the text. The most famous allegory in English is John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress (1678), an allegory of Christian salvation represented by the varied experiences of its Everyman hero, Christian. [Gk. "to speak so as to imply something other"] -"And now, I said, let me show in a figure how far our nature is enlightened or unenlightened: --Behold! human beings living in an underground cave, which has a mouth open towards the light and reaching all along the cave; here they have been from their childhood, and have their legs and necks chained so that they cannot move, and can only see before them, being prevented by the chains from turning round their heads. Above and behind them a fire is blazing at a distance, and between the fire and the prisoners there is a raised way; and you will see, if you look, a low wall built along the way, like the screen which marionette players have in front of them, over which they show the puppets. . . . And now look again, and see what will naturally follow if the prisoners are released and disabused of their error. At first, when any of them is liberated and compelled suddenly to stand up and turn his neck round and walk and look towards the light, he will suffer sharp pains; the glare will distress him, and he will be unable to see the realities of which in his former state he had seen the shadows; and then conceive some one saying to him, that what he saw before was an illusion, but that now, when he is approaching nearer to being and his eye is turned towards more real existence, he has a clearer vision, -what will be his reply? And you may further imagine that his instructor is pointing to the objects as they pass and requiring him to name them, -will he not be perplexed? Will he not fancy that the shadows which he formerly saw are truer than the objects which are now shown to him?" (Plato, from Book Seven of The Republic, "Allegory of the Cave") See also The Allegory of Lady Rhetoric (Dr. Lamoureaux, Rhetorical Resources) alliteration
Repetition of initial consonant sound. [L. "putting letters together"] -"In a somer seson, whan soft was the sonne, I shope me into shroudes, as I a shepe were;" (William Langland, 14th century) -"Father is rather vulgar, my dear. The word Papa, besides, gives a pretty form to the lips. Papa, potatoes, poultry, prunes, and prism, are all very good words for the lips: especially prunes and prism." (Charles Dickens, Little Dorrit) -And still of a winter's night, they say, when the wind is in the trees, When the moon is a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas, When the road is a ribbon of moonlight over the purple moor, A highwayman comes riding- Riding-riding- A highwayman comes riding, up to the old inn-door. (Alfred Noyes, "The Highwayman") -"Guinness is good for you." (advertisement) -"My style is public negotiations for parity, rather than private negotiations for position." (Jesse Jackson) ambiguity 
The presence of two or more possible meanings in any passage. (See William Empson's Seven Types of Ambiguity, 2nd ed., 1947.) [L. "wandering about"] -"What immortal hand or eye Could frame thy fearful symmetry?" (William Blake, "The Tyger") -"I can't tell you how much I enjoyed meeting your husband." -"I can't recommend this book too highly." -"Prostitutes Appeal to Pope" (newspaper headline) See also Kent Bach's discussion of Ambiguity (Routledge Encyclopedia of History) amplification General term for all the ways an argument, an explanation, or a description can be expanded and enriched. As Havelock, Ong, and others have pointed out, amplification is clearly a virtue in an oral culture, providing redundancy of information, ceremonial amplitude, and scope for memorable syntax and diction. [L. "enlargement"] "Mr. and Mrs. Veneering were bran-new people in a bran-new house in a bran-new quarter of London. Everything about the Veneerings was spick and span new. All their furniture was new, all their friends were new, all their servants were new, their place was new, their carriage was new, their harness was new, their horses were new, their pictures were new, they themselves were new, they were as newly-married as was lawfully compatible with their having a bran-new baby, and if they had set up a great-grandfather, he would have come home in matting from Pantechnicon, without a scratch upon him, French-polished to the crown of his head." (Charles Dickens, Our Mutual Friend) anadiplosis Repetition of the last word of one line or clause to begin the next. (Pronounced "a na di PLO sis") [Gk. "doubling back"] -"When I give I give myself." (Walt Whitman) -"Our doubt is our passion, and our passion is our task." (Henry James) -"All service ranks the same with God, With God, whose puppets, best and worst, Are we." (Robert Browning, Pippa Passes) -"The land of my fathers. My fathers can have it." (Dylan Thomas on Wales) analogy 
Reasoning or arguing from parallel cases. [Gk. "proportion"] A simile is an expressed analogy; a metaphor is an implied one. -"Writing a book of poetry is like dropping a rose petal down the Grand Canyon and waiting for the echo." (Don Marquis) - "From what I can see, no matter what system of government we have, there will always be leaders and always be followers. It's like the road out in front of my house. It's on a steep hill. Every day I watch the cars climbing up. Some go lickety-split up that hill on high, some have to shift into second, and some sputter and shake and slip back to the bottom again. Same cars, same gasoline, yet some make it and some don't. And I say the fellas who can make the hill on high should stop once in a while and help those who can't. That's all I'm trying to do with this money. Help the fellas who can't make the hill on high." (Gary Cooper in Mr. Deeds Goes to Town, 1936) -"Harrison Ford is like one of those sports cars that advertise acceleration from 0 to 60 m.p.h. in three or four seconds. He can go from slightly broody inaction to ferocious reaction in approximately the same time span. And he handles the tight turns and corkscrew twists of a suspense story without losing his balance or leaving skid marks on the film. But maybe the best and most interesting thing about him is that he doesn't look particularly sleek, quick, or powerful; until something or somebody causes him to gun his engine, he projects the seemly aura of the family sedan." (Richard Schickel, Time magazine review of Patriot Games) Directory: cms -> lib -> GA01000314 -> Centricity -> Domain lib -> 1. naclo 2017 – North American Computational Linguistics Olympiad lib -> Chem I honors Unit 2 Notes: Numbers in Chemistry Measurement lib -> Sanderson High School ap human Geography Summer Assignment 2016 lib -> Find fantastic ousd elementary music programs lib -> American Studies Pacing Calendar 2014-2015 lib -> The ap history Timeline 8000bce-the Present lib -> Absolutism in Europe Domain -> Welcome to Europe!! Europe Geography Domain -> Arctic Ocean ocean directly to the north of Canada Download 0.84 Mb. Share with your friends:
|